References:
     [1] Peng, J., Chen, Y. Q., Hu, Z. C., et al. Research progress and prospect on quantitative identification of urban hinterland area [J]. Progress in Geography, 2016, 35(1): 14-24.
     [2] Yin, J., Pan, J. H. Research status and development trend of urban hinterland and its measurement [J]. Journal of Shangqiu Teachers College, 2011, 27(12): 79-84.
     [3] Wu, Y., Wang, Z. A GIS-based measurement for urban hinterland area in the Yangtze River Delta [J]. Yunnan Geographic Environment Research, 2008, 20(6): 45-50.
     [4] Cai, W. J., Zhang, Y. The hinterland area of central city and its evolution of field strength model: Based on the comparison between Jiangsu Province and Hubei Province [J]. Urban Problems, 2020(7): 36-46.
     [5] Li, Y. Z., Dong, Y. The economic radiation effects of central cities: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolis as a case in point [J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (Social Sciences), 2024, 37(2): 49-59.
     [6] Wang, Y., Niu, X. Y., Song, X. D. Research progress of regional spatial structure under the perspective of space of flow [J]. Urban Planning International, 2017, 32(6): 27-33.
     [7] Yang, Y. J., Yin, D., Liu, Z. W., et al. Research progress on the space of flow using big data [J]. Progress in Geography, 2020, 39(8): 1397-1411.
     [8] Niu, X. Y., Li, K. K. Implementation monitoring of territorial and spatial planning in metropolitan areas from the perspective of intercity functional linkages [J]. Resources Science, 2021, 43(2): 380-389.
     [9] Hu, H., Shen, J., Gu, H., et al. Identifying the spatio-temporal dynamics of mega city region range and hinterland: a perspective of inter-city flows [J]. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2024, 112: 102146.
     [10] Li, J., Zhang, Y., Tang, S., et al. Dataset for identifying Chinese urban agglomerations using DBSCAN clustering under dominant flow constraints [J]. Journal of Global Change Data & Discovery, 2025, 9(3): 290-298.
     [11] Liu, W. B., Shi, E. M. Spatial pattern of population daily flow among cities based on ICT: a case study of "Baidu Migration" [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2016, 71(10): 1667-1679.
     [12] Zhang, X. D., Han, H. Y., Tang, Y. J., et al. Research on the characteristics of urban network structure in China based on Baidu Migration data [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2021, 23(10): 1798-1808.
     [13] Jiang, X. R., Wang, S. L., Yang, Y. C. Research on China's urban population mobility network based on Baidu LBS big data [J]. Population & Development, 2017, 23(1): 13-23.
     [14] Yin, Y. Z., Wu, Q. Y., Lin, H., et al. Analysis of urban centrality and community patterns from the perspective of "intercity mobility flow" in China [J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2024, 26(3): 666-678.
     [15] Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y. B., Zhao, J. J., et al. Network analysis of Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration based on multiple flows [J]. Areal Research and Development, 2023, 42(6): 40-45.
     [16] Li, D., An, Y. Z. The application of 0-1 programming to investment decision [J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University (Social Sciences), 2004(6): 94-96.